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Thursday, November 4, 2010

World History Sample Test Ch 8&9

World History Sample Test Ch 8&9

____ 1. What was the Industrial Revolution?
a. increased purchases of land by wealthy landowners to cultivate larger fields
b. increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18th-century
c. a widespread use of teenagers as factory laborers who worked 14 hour days, 6 days a week
d. increased populations of urban areas during the 1800s




____ 2. Which of the following was a result of the agricultural revolution?
a. Many small farmers became tenant farmers or moved to cities.
b. Enclosures became landmarks of wealthy landowners.
c. Landowners experimented with new agricultural methods.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 3. What were the three factors of production required to drive the industrial revolution?
a. land, labor, capital
b. government, military, colonies
c. raw materials, natural resources, man-made goods
d. road, railway, and water transport


____ 4. What was the main cause of the process of urbanization that occurrred in 19th-century Britain and elsewhere in western Europe?
a. poor crop yields
b. industrialization
c. improved living conditions in cities
d. more efficient transportation systems


____ 5. How did landowners and aristocrats view wealthy members of the middle class?
a. regarded highly
b. looked down upon
c. as equals
d. as outcasts


____ 6. What did Britain do in order to keep industrial secrets from the United States?
a. blockaded the United States from engaging in international trade
b. sent messengers with misleading information to the United States
c. forbade engineers, mechanics, and toolmakers from leaving the country
d. charged impossible fees for the secrets to industrialization


____ 7. What was the benefit of being a stockholder in a corporation?
a. complete ownership of branch corporations
b. free goods produced by the corporation
c. not personally responsible for its debts
d. all of the above


____ 8. What is the laissez-faire policy?
a. a policy that allowed labor to set working conditions based on votes on issues relevant to their industry
b. a policy where labor created a committee to set working standards without interference from industry owners
c. a policy that taught owners of industry how to set working conditions based on government standards
d. a policy that let owners of industry set working conditions without government interference


____ 9. What is the name for the voluntary associations of workers seeking labor reforms?
a. unions
b. strikes
c. collective bargaining
d. utilitarianism


____ 10. Which of the following is an example of a reform movement?
a. abolition of slavery
b. women's rights
c. public education
d. all of the above





____ 11. Which region of the country had the MOST miles of railroad track in 1890?
a. East Coast
b. Midwest
c. West
d. Pacific Coast


____ 12. Which of the following is a true comparison of the two maps?
a. The railroad system in 1840 was less developed than that in 1890.
b. The railroad system in 1890 has 205,334 more miles of track than that in 1840.
c. The railroad system in 1840 carried goods great distances but not as far as in 1890.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 13. In which region were there no railroads in 1840?
a. West
b. Midwest
c. Northeast
d. Southeast


____ 14. In which two directions did railroads transport goods and people in the West in 1890?
a. north and south
b. south and east
c. east and west
d. west and south


____ 15. Approximately how many miles of tracks were laid from northern Washington to the southernmost point in California?
a. 2500
b. 1000
c. 550
d. 100





____ 16. Which of the following shows the cities ranked from smallest to largest in 1850?
a. London, Liverpool, Glasgow, Birmingham, Edinburgh
b. Edinburgh, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, London
c. Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, London, Edinburgh
d. Edinburgh, Liverpool, Birmingham, Glasgow, London


____ 17. Which of the following cities had about 320,000 people in 1850?
a. Birmingham
b. Liverpool
c. Glasgow
d. Edinburgh


____ 18. Which two cities had approximately the same population in 1800?
a. Birmingham and Liverpool
b. Edinburgh and Glasgow
c. Glasgow and Liverpool
d. Edinburgh and Birmingham


____ 19. Which cities had fewer than 100,000 people in 1800?
a. Birmingham, Liverpool, Edinburgh, Glasgow
b. London, Liverpool, Edinburgh, Glasgow
c. Birmingham and Glasgow
d. Liverpool and Edinburgh


____ 20. Which of the smaller cities showed the MOST population growth between 1800 and 1850?
a. Birmingham
b. Liverpool
c. Edinburgh
d. Glasgow


____ 21. The independence movement in Latin America was spearheaded by
a. the mulattos.
b. the Creoles.
c. the Spanish.
d. the peninsulares.


____ 22. José de San Martín was a military officer who
a. liberated parts of Mexico.
b. liberated parts of Brazil.
c. liberated parts of Spanish-speaking South America.
d. liberated Spanish-speaking islands in the Caribbean.


____ 23. The independence movement in Mexico was led, in part, by
a. Miguel Hidalgo.
b. Simón Bolívar.
c. Dom Pedro.
d. Toussaint L'Ouverture.


____ 24. In early 19th century Europe, the liberals wanted
a. to limit the influence of business leaders and merchants.
b. to protect the traditional monarchies of Europe.
c. to give more power to elected parliaments.
d. to abolish formal government and replace it with anarchy.


____ 25. Nationalism was a force that
a. tore apart centuries-old empires.
b. gave rise to the nation-state.
c. was opposed by conservatives.
d. all of the above


____ 26. The uprisings in 1848 resulted in
a. the resignation of Metternich.
b. the liberation of Greece.
c. the emancipation of Russian serfs.
d. the victory of liberals throughout Europe.


____ 27. In the 1860s, the expansion of Prussia was achieved under the leadership of
a. King Victor Emmanuel II
b. Frederick William IV
c. Otto von Bismarck
d. Giuseppe Garibaldi


____ 28. Camillo di Cavour expanded Piedmont-Sardinia's power and also
a. conquered part of France.
b. unified Italy.
c. took control of Venetia.
d. all of the above


____ 29. Mary Shelley wrote
a. an early gothic horror story about a monster created from corpses.
b. realistic stories about everyday life in the coal mines of Yorkshire.
c. Novels that showed the struggle of middle-class individuals against society.
d. a novel about two star-crossed lovers who live on the moors of England.


____ 30. One of romanticism's first composers was
a. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
b. Ludwig van Beethoven
c. Joseph Turner
d. Johann Sebastian Bach


Using the exhibit, choose the letter of the best answer.

a. Chile
b. Viceroyalty of Brazil
c. Viceroyalty of New Spain
d. United Provinces of Central America
e. Spain


____ 31. In 1800, this region was west of the United States.

____ 32. This region was a Portuguese colony in 1800.

____ 33. By 1830, this independent country extended along the southwest coast of South America.

____ 34. In 1800, this country had colonies in North America, the Caribbean, and South America.

____ 35. In 1830, this country was bordered by both Mexico and Gran Colombia.

____ 36. In what way did the Agricultural Revolution pave the way for the Industrial Revolution?
a. It led to population growth.
b. It increased food supplies.
c. It caused farmers to lose land and seek other work.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 37. How did Britain's economy affect the process of industrialization?
a. positively, by Britain's highly developed banking system, availability of loans, and climate of progress
b. positively, by Britain allowing women and children to work long hours and grow wealthy
c. negatively, by Britain's decision to forbid engineers, mechanics, and toolmakers to leave the country
d. negatively, by Britain's overseas expansion, which took jobs away from the British citizens


____ 38. What was the impact of the steam engine on the production of British goods?
a. It enabled the mining industry to work more efficiently without the need for workers.
b. It allowed small ferries to monopolize the transport of raw materials through English canals.
c. It launched the railway age that brought the transportation of people and materials to a new level.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 39. How did the Industrial Revolution affect cities?
a. It created technology to clean them.
b. It made them lose valuable sources of food.
c. It made the population grow faster than the housing supply.
d. It made the crime rate drop.


____ 40. Which of the following factors MOST contributed to the shorter life span of those living in cities as opposed to those in the country?
a. long working hours
b. illness caused by unhealthy living conditions
c. inadequate housing
d. excessive garbage


____ 41. In what way did the new middle class change British society?
a. The power structure in London shifted from the city to the country.
b. The middle class became the new ruling class in society.
c. Aristocrats and wealthy landowners looked down on the middle class.
d. Some members of the middle class achieved top positions in society.


____ 42. Which of the following was a key idea in the free-market system?
a. protect the nation's industries from foreign competition
b. establish minimum wages and maximum working hours
c. give government complete control of the means of production
d. refuse to interfere in either domestic or international economic matters


____ 43. Which of the following was NOT a legislative reform in the 1800s?
a. In England, it became illegal to hire children under the age of nine.
b. The Mines Act prevented women and children from working underground.
c. The Supreme Court of the United States objected to a federal child labor law.
d. The Supreme Court created social security to support retired workers.


____ 44. What did William Wilberforce fight for in the 1800s?
a. to establish public schools.
b. to limit the length of the workday.
c. to abolish child labor in factories.
d. to abolish slavery and the slave trade.





____ 45. How many miles of track were added between 1840 and 1890?
a. 2,818
b. 93,745
c. 100,225
d. 205,334


____ 46. In which two directions did railroads MOSTLY transport materials and people in 1890?
a. north and south
b. south and east
c. east and west
d. west and south


____ 47. Which of the following states had mostly east and west railroad routes in 1890?
a. Texas
b. Florida
c. Illinois
d. California


____ 48. Approximately how many miles of tracks were laid across the state of Texas by 1890?
a. 2,600
b. 1,800
c. 1,300
d. 1,000


____ 49. What might be a reason that the West had fewer miles of railroad track than the East did in 1890?
a. The western territories were still new.
b. Industry was more developed in the East and Midwest.
c. East coast ports were part of major trade routes.
d. All of the above are true.





____ 50. Which of the following cities had more than two million people in 1850?
a. Birmingham
b. Liverpool
c. Glasgow
d. London


____ 51. Which of the following cities showed the greatest percentage increase in population?
a. Liverpool
b. London
c. Edinburgh
d. Glasgow


____ 52. Which three cities more than tripled in population?
a. London, Edinburgh, Glasgow
b. Birmingham, Liverpool, Glasgow
c. Liverpool, London, Edinburgh
d. Edinburgh, Liverpool, Birmingham


____ 53. What was the approximate population difference between Liverpool and Glasgow in 1850?
a. 60,000
b. 95,000
c. 250,000
d. 320,000


____ 54. What is the most probable reason for the population growth in all cities between 1800 and 1850?
a. agricultural revolution
b. Industrial Revolution
c. new middle class
d. railroads


____ 55. Which of the following men led a revolt of enslaved Africans in Saint Domingue?
a. José de san Martín
b. José Maria Morelos
c. Toussaint L'Ouverture
d. Giuseppe Garibaldi


____ 56. In which of the following ways did the liberation of Mexico and Brazil differ?
a. Mexico's liberation was violent; Brazil's liberation was non-violent.
b. Mexico was liberated from Spanish control; Brazil was liberated from French control.
c. Mexico's liberation involved Creoles; Brazil's liberation did not involve Creoles.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 57. In which of the following ways were France and Russia similar during the 1800s?
a. Both had bloody but unsuccessful revolutions.
b. Both had reforms halted by an assassination.
c. Both had policies that encouraged industrialization.
d. Both had movements that tried to establish a democracy.


____ 58. Which of the following was probably NOT influenced by nationalism during the 1800s?
a. groups uniting against an oppressive monarchy
b. an empire that crumbles into independent states
c. an empire granting long-needed social reforms
d. groups accepting a long-established form of government


____ 59. Which of the following was true about nationalism?
a. One's greatest loyalty should not be to a king.
b. One's greatest loyalty should be to a nation of people.
c. The nation of people should have a common culture.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 60. Which of the following statements would Otto von Bismarck probably NOT agree with?
a. It is the destiny of the weak to be devoured by the strong.
b. A ruler should never violate the constitution of his or her country.
c. Military force should be used to achieve political gain.
d. Manufacturing political "incidents" is acceptable if it achieves a worthy goal.


____ 61. By 1871 there was a shift in power in Europe, which nation changed?
a. Prussia became Germany.
b. Italy replaced Prussia.
c. Germany replaced France.
d. Britain replaced Germany.


____ 62. Which of the following was NOT a major component of romanticism?
a. the love of nature's untamed beauty
b. the value of common people
c. the promotion of established ideas
d. the glorification of heroes and heroic actions


____ 63. How did music change during the Romantic period?
a. It became more structured.
b. It lost popularity.
c. It focused on creating impressions of a moment.
d. It became a part of middle-class life.


____ 64. What was the goal of impressionist artists and composers?
a. to show the ugly conditions created by industrialization
b. to illustrate a moment in time
c. to protest the growing wealth of the middle class
d. to glorify national heroes


.


____ 65. Which of the following combined to form Gran Colombia?
a. the Viceroyalty of Brazil and the Captaincy-General of Venezuela
b. the Viceroyalty of New Granada and the Viceroyalty of Peru
c. the Viceroyalty of New Granada and the Captaincy-General of Venezuela
d. the Viceroyalty of Peru and the Viceroyalty of Brazil


____ 66. In the early 1800s, which of the following regions was least affected by independence movements?
a. the Caribbean
b. Central America
c. Spanish-speaking North America
d. Spanish-speaking South America


____ 67. What does the political division of the Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata by 1830 show?
a. There were many distinct groups within the Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata.
b. Nationalism united the people of this region into one country.
c. The people of this region did not fight effectively against the Spanish.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 68. By 1830, which of the following had lost all of their colonies in South America?
a. the British
b. the Spanish
c. the Dutch
d. the French


____ 69. Which of the following countries gained independence from France by 1830?
a. Mexico
b. Haiti
c. Bolivia
d. Brazil


Document-Based Questions Introduction

Historical Context: From the early 1500s to the early 1800s, the Latin American people had been oppressed by Spain. Spaniards born in Latin America could not hold high offices in government. People of mixed ancestry had even fewer privileges. Most Africans were enslaved, and Indians were more severely oppressed than any other group. Inspired by democratic ideals, Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín gained independence for Spanish South America. This independence brought a sudden and dramatic change in government for millions of Latin Americans.

Task: Discuss the difficulties that the people of Spanish South America faced in the transition from oppressive Spanish control to democracy.

Study each document carefully and answer the question that follows.

We have been harassed by a conduct which has not only deprived us of our rights but has kept us in a sort of permanent infancy with regard to public affairs. . . . Among the popular and representative systems, I do not favor the federal system. It is overperfect, and it demands political virtues and talents far superior to our own. For the same reason I reject a monarchy that is part aristocracy and part democracy, although with such a government England has achieved much fortune and splendor. . . . I say: Do not adopt the best system of government, but the one that is most likely to succeed.

70. Bolívar believed that Latin Americans lacked the virtues and talents needed for the federal system of government. What reason does he give for this situation?

____ 71. How might small farmers of the agricultural revolution be compared to the working class of the Industrial Revolution?
a. Both endured long working hours.
b. Both suffered job losses due to progress.
c. Both lived in climates of social restructuring.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 72. What impact did technological advances have on industry?
a. Production of goods was increased.
b. Quality of products was decreased.
c. Number of factory workers decreased.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 73. What was a benefit of the railroad in Britain?
a. It encouraged people to emigrate to other countries.
b. It eliminated hundreds of thousands of jobs.
c. It displaced England's agricultural and fishing industries.
d. It offered cheap transportation for materials and goods.


____ 74. Which of the following was NOT a positive aspect of industrialization?
a. It created jobs for workers.
b. It increased a nation's wealth.
c. It improved living conditions in cities.
d. It increased the production of goods.


____ 75. How did the War of 1812 help pave the way for the United States to industrialize?
a. The British blockade forced it to develop its own industries.
b. Materials left over from the war influenced new American inventions.
c. British prisoners from the war greatly increased the U.S. workforce.
d. Under the Treaty of Ghent, Britain assisted in U.S. industry.


____ 76. How did the Napoleonic wars and French Revolution impact the industrialization of Continental Europe?
a. Trade was halted in many parts of Europe.
b. Communications between countries were interrupted.
c. Inflation was on the rise in some areas of Europe, disrupting the economy.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 77. How did the impact of worldwide industrialization effect the relationships between industrialized nations and non-industrialized nations?
a. It was the driving force behind imperialism.
b. It weakened economic ties between nations.
c. Industrialized nations exploited their overseas colonies for slaves.
d. All of the above are true.


____ 78. How did the philosophy of laissez-faire economics influence early industrialists?
a. with ideas of a free-market economy governed by natural laws, not government regulations
b. with ideas of an economy supported by tariffs on foreign goods
c. with ideas that the elite had a responsibility to give to charities
d. all of the above


____ 79. What were the long-term effects of Marx and Engels's The Communist Manifesto?
a. Working classes worldwide demanded a "dictatorship of the proletariat."
b. Marx and Engels's predictions proved correct as economic forces alone ruled society.
c. In the 1900s, Marxism inspired revolutionaries such as Russia's Lenin.
d. During 1848 and 1849 revolts shook Europe but were suppressed.


____ 80. Which of the following statements are true of socialism and communism?
a. Socialism and communism are two words for the same ideology.
b. Socialism and communism are two completely different and unrelated ideologies.
c. Communism is a form of complete socialism in which the people own all production and property.
d. Communism gives control of a country to its people and socialism gives control of industry to the people.


Using the exhibit, choose the letter of the best answer.


____ 81. Which of the following cities showed the smallest percentage increase in population?
a. Liverpool
b. London
c. Edinburgh
d. Glasgow


____ 82. What reason might account for the city that had the smallest increase in growth?
a. Industry was slow to grow in that city.
b. Sickness was widespread in that city.
c. Natural resources were scarce in that city.
d. Population was already high in that city.


____ 83. Which three cities increased in population by at least 300%?
a. London, Edinburgh, Glasgow
b. Birmingham, Liverpool, Glasgow
c. Liverpool, London, Edinburgh
d. Edinburgh, Liverpool, Birmingham


____ 84. Which city would be ranked with the SECOND largest population in 1850?
a. Birmingham
b. Liverpool
c. Edinburgh
d. Glasgow


____ 85. Which of the following cities had the fewest people in 1800 and again in 1850?
a. Birmingham
b. Liverpool
c. Edinburgh
d. Glasgow


____ 86. In Latin America during the early 1800s, which of the following probably belonged to the Creole class?
a. a colonel in the Spanish colonial army
b. a governor of a Spanish colony
c. an enslaved person working on a plantation
d. a person who never had a formal education


____ 87. How were the liberation movements in Spanish South America and Brazil similar?
a. Both were headed by José de San Martín.
b. Both involved the Creole class.
c. Both used violence.
d. Both used two armies.


____ 88. Which of the following artistic styles would be used to ACCURATELY depict the oppressive working conditions of Latin Americans under Spanish control?
a. romanticism
b. impressionism
c. realism
d. Gothic horror


____ 89. Which of the following people would most likely have been a radical in the 1800s?
a. a nobleman who is related to his country's king
b. a prosperous land owner who owns less than 10,000 acres
c. a wealthy business man who wants to give his country's parliament more power
d. a poor student who has read extensively about democracy


____ 90. During the 19th century, which of the following occurred in Europe?
a. conflict between conservative and liberal movements
b. the resurgence of conservatives over liberals
c. the decline of established empires
d. all of the above


____ 91. How were the unifications of Italy and Germany similar?
a. Both involved a war with France.
b. Both took over territory controlled by the Catholic Church.
c. Both used military force to unify various territories.
d. Both unified into an empire.


____ 92. Which of the following was NOT strongly influenced by economic problems?
a. the peasant revolt in Italy
b. the election of Louis-Napoleon
c. the independence movement of Latin America
d. the declaration of war by France on Prussia


____ 93. Which of the following led to the formation of the Second Reich?
a. ruthless leadership
b. friendly diplomatic relations with France
c. the power of the German parliament
d. all of the above


____ 94. How were romanticism and nationalism linked?
a. National heroes and cultural pride were themes.
b. Both rejected the ideas of the liberals.
c. They were not linked to each other.
d. They both focused on solving real world problems.


____ 95. Which of the following was a reaction against realism?
a. a Dickens novel
b. a Renoir painting
c. a Talbot daguerreotype
d. a Balzac story


.


____ 96. The economy of which of the following countries was most severely affected by the liberation of Latin America?
a. France
b. Holland
c. Spain
d. Great Britain


____ 97. Which of the following countries probably benefited the most territorially from the liberation of Latin America?
a. Great Britain
b. the United States
c. Holland
d. France


____ 98. If a ship was traveling at 5 miles per hour, how long would it take to sail from Haiti to the Dutch colony in South America?
a. 150 hours
b. 200 hours
c. 300 hours
d. 450 hours


____ 99. After 1830, Mexico probably had the most conflict with which of the following countries?
a. the United States
b. Brazil
c. the British colony in South America
d. Gran Colombia


____ 100. In 1830, fishing probably provided the smallest income for which of the following countries?
a. Brazil
b. Chile
c. Peru
d. Paraguay

1 comment:

Anonymous said...

wheres the answers?