Ancient History Sample Test Ch 8&9
____ 1. Why is Monte Albán historically important?
a. It was the first urban center in the Americas.
b. It was the first religious center in the Americas.
c. It was the first human community in the Americas.
d. It was the first advanced civilization in the Americas.
____ 2. How did the first people to arrive in the Americas support themselves?
a. farming and hunting
b. farming and gathering
c. hunting and gathering
d. fishing and hunting
____ 3. According to archaeologists, what role did Chavín sites play in their culture?
a. They were trading centers.
b. They were religious centers.
c. They were manufacturing centers.
d. They were outposts of a powerful empire.
____ 4. Where were the first advanced civilizations in South America established?
a. in the north
b. in the east
c. in the west
d. in the south
____ 5. Where were the Nazca lines created?
a. Monte Albán
b. Yucatán Peninsula
c. plains of Peru
d. Oaxaca Valley
____ 6. Which civilization, located in present-day Oaxaca, built temples and developed an early form of a hieroglyphic writing system?
a. Nazca
b. Olmec
c. Moche
d. Zapotec
____ 7. Which two continents did Beringia once connect?
a. Asia and Europe
b. Asia and North America
c. South and Central America
d. North and Central America
____ 8. What region is known as Mesoamerica?
a. the area that stretches south from central Mexico to northern Honduras
b. the Andes Mountains that stretch down the western edge of South America
c. the northern Andes Mountain region in what is now Peru
d. south of what is present-day Mexico City in the Tehuacan Valley
____ 9. Which crop was most important to the survival of the early Americans?
a. bean
b. wheat
c. maize
d. squash
____ 10. Which of the following cultures is known for sculpting monumental heads from stone?
a. Olmec
b. Moche
c. Chavín
d. Zapotec
____ 11. Near what geographic feature did the centers of Olmec civilization lie?
a. Yucatán Peninsula
b. Bay of Campeche
c. Pacific Ocean
d. Eastern Sierra Madre
____ 12. Which Olmec site had at least two possible trade routes entering it?
a. La Venta
b. San Lorenzo
c. Oaxaca Valley
d. none of the above
____ 13. How many Olmec sites are shown on the map?
a. 13
b. 18
c. 16
d. 14
____ 14. How far did Mesoamerica extend?
a. roughly from the Tropic of Cancer to 90°W
b. roughly from 20°N to the Yucatan Peninsula
c. roughly from the Eastern Sierra Madre to the Pacific Ocean
d. roughly from 25°N to 10°N
____ 15. In which direction from La Venta did Olmec civilization have most of its other sites?
a. to the north
b. to the south
c. to the east
d. to the west
____ 16. How many other civilizations both began and ended within the period that the Zapotec civilization existed?
a. 12
b. 10
c. 8
d. 7
____ 17. Which civilization lasted about the same length of time as the Chavín civilization?
a. Nok
b. Aksum
c. the Roman Republic & Empire
d. Kushite
____ 18. Which civilization began around the height of the Roman Empire in about A.D. 120?
a. Olmec
b. Aksum
c. Moche
d. Han
____ 19. Which civilization began and ended within the period of Chavín civilization?
a. Greek city-states
b. Olmec
c. Zhou
d. Kushite
____ 20. Which ancient American civilization lasted the longest?
a. Nazca
b. Moche
c. Zapotec
d. Olmec
____ 21. The Sahel is a "coastline" of what geographic feature?
a. Red Sea
b. Sahara
c. Kalahari Desert
d. Mediterranean Sea
____ 22. What were the main directions of the migrations of Bantu-speaking peoples?
a. south or southeast
b. north or northwest
c. west or southwest
d. north or northwest
____ 23. What are Africa's savannas?
a. deserts
b. jungles
c. grassy plains
d. coastal regions
____ 24. Where are Africa's rain forests located?
a. in the west-central region
b. along the southern coast
c. along the entire west coast
d. throughout the continent
____ 25. What does the word Bantu mean?
a. "nomad"
b. "speaker"
c. "those with iron"
d. "the people"
____ 26. What was the way of life of Africa's earliest people?
a. settled herders
b. settled farmers
c. nomadic farmers
d. hunter-gatherers
____ 27. What was West Africa's earliest known culture?
a. San
b. Nok
c. Kush
d. BaMbuti
____ 28. What city was the center of trade in Aksum?
a. Meroë
b. Aksum
c. Djenné-Djeno
d. Adulis
____ 29. What did King Ezana of Aksum establish as the kingdom's official religion during his reign?
a. Islam
b. Buddhism
c. Christianity
d. Judaism
____ 30. What are push-pull factors?
a. ways population is shifted
b. opportunities for jobs
c. reasons for migration
d. changing environmental conditions
____ 31. Where are the areas that are generally the wettest located?
a. along the equator
b. along the Tropic of Cancer
c. along the Tropic of Capricorn
d. along the southern tip of Africa
____ 32. Which of the following cities is likely to have the lowest yearly precipitation?
a. Dakar
b. Cairo
c. Dar es Salaam
d. Mbandaka
____ 33. Which of the following cities is most likely to be 90° or warmer in July?
a. In Salah
b. Casablanca
c. Addis Ababa
d. Cape Town
____ 34. Which of the following cities is closest to the Tropic of Capricorn?
a. Cape Town
b. In Salah
c. Mbandaka
d. Johannesburg
____ 35. What is the average temperature in Lagos during July?
a. below 60° F
b. between 70° F and 80° F
c. between 80° F and 90° F
d. over 90° F
____ 36. Which of the following is an effect of an environmental change?
a. a shift in climate
b. a blending of cultures
c. oppression of peoples
d. an increasing population
____ 37. Which of the following is an example of political or religious persecution?
a. ethnic cleansing
b. a blending of cultures
c. a shift in climate
d. unemployment
____ 38. Which of the following is an effect of political and religious persecution?
a. oppression of peoples
b. unemployment
c. shifts in population
d. blending of cultures
____ 39. Which of the following is an example of an environmental change?
a. an earthquake
b. repression
c. economic pressure
d. transportation networks
____ 40. Which of the following in an example of economic pressure?
a. communications and transportation networks
b. famine
c. war
d. shifts in population
____ 41. What do most archaeologists think was the reason that the first people crossed Beringia?
a. They were following game.
b. They were searching for gold and gems.
c. They were looking for a warmer climate.
d. They were looking for fertile farming land.
____ 42. What effect did agriculture have on early societies?
a. It encouraged population growth and settled communities.
b. It allowed for the differences in the social classes to emerge.
c. It allowed societies to become more complex and develop civilization.
d. All of the above are true.
____ 43. Which of the following formed the basis of Chavín influence over other early American cultures?
a. trade networks
b. art and religion
c. mining technology
d. all of the above
____ 44. Which of the following was NOT an important aspect of Olmec civilization?
a. trade
b. the jaguar spirit
c. stone monuments
d. hieroglyphic writing
____ 45. In what present-day land do archaeologists believe the first Americans built an advanced civilization?
a. South America
b. Central America
c. Mexico
d. California
____ 46. How have archaeologists learned about Moche civilization?
a. through its written language and trade records
b. through its pottery that depicted scenes of everyday life
c. through the cave drawings that depicted scenes of the ruling class
d. through drawings on the sides of mountains that honor its gods
____ 47. Which of the following was a Mesoamerican civilization?
a. Nazca
b. Moche
c. Chavín
d. Zapotec
____ 48. Why was trade important to Olmec civilization?
a. Trade helped boost its economy and spread its influence.
b. A system of trade meant the civilization had a ruling class.
c. Trade meant the ruler could collect taxes on trade goods.
d. Trade allowed the people more time to develop new skills.
____ 49. How were the Nazca able to farm the land they lived on?
a. They took advantage of flood plains, which provided fertile farm land.
b. They took advantage of the rivers that flowed from the Andes Mountains.
c. The created an irrigation system and underground canals.
d. They planted crops that needed little sun or water.
____ 50. What did the first inhabitants of South America rely on for their survival?
a. the cultivation of corn, squash, and beans
b. seafood from the Pacific Ocean and small game
c. the regular flooding of rivers to fertilize their fields
d. trade with the more advanced cultures of Mesoamerica
____ 51. Approximately how many miles apart were San Lorenzo and La Venta?
a. 25
b. 75
c. 100
d. 150
____ 52. What geographical feature might have made developing trade routes to the north difficult for the Olmec?
a. waterways
b. valleys
c. deserts
d. mountains
____ 53. Judging from the map, how might the Olmec have spread their culture?
a. through trade routes and sites along those routes
b. by overtaking other civilizations
c. by building sites in the Yucatan Peninsula
d. by staying in one central location
____ 54. How many sites did the Olmec civilization have in its homeland?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 10
d. 16
____ 55. Approximately how many miles were the farthest Olmec sites from San Lorenzo?
a. 100
b. 200
c. 300
d. 400
____ 56. How many civilizations lasted 800 years or longer?
a. 5
b. 6
c. 7
d. 8
____ 57. Judging from the chart, which civilization was most likely influenced by the Olmec?
a. Moche
b. Zapotec
c. Zhou
d. Aksum
____ 58. Which civilization lasted while 10 other civilizations came and went?
a. Kushite civilization
b. Roman Republic & Empire
c. Aksum civilization
d. Zapotec civilization
____ 59. What was the shortest length of time a civilization lasted?
a. 200 years
b. 300 years
c. 400 years
d. 500 years
____ 60. Which three ancient American civilization existed at the same time?
a. the Olmec, the Zapotec, and the Nazca
b. the Olmec, the Zapotec, and the Moche
c. the Zapotec, the Nazca, and the Moche
d. the Chavín, the Zapotec, and the Nazca
____ 61. What reason is believed to have prompted the Bantu migrations?
a. They developed iron smelting.
b. They were victims of ethnic conflict.
c. They were fleeing from the slave trade.
d. They needed more land for a growing population.
____ 62. What is the main belief of followers of animism?
a. There is only one god.
b. Spirits play an important role in regulating daily life.
c. People are organized into family groups and clans.
d. Storytellers are sacred beings who keep history alive.
____ 63. Why is the city of Djenné-Djeno famous?
a. It was the capital of Aksum and a very metropolitan city.
b. It was the oldest known city in Africa.
c. It was the oldest known city in Africa south of the Sahara.
d. It was the location of the first human habitation.
____ 64. What is one way historians can trace the patterns of migration?
a. through the spread of religions
b. by looking at carvings
c. by tracing dynasties
d. through the pattern of languages spoken
____ 65. What conflict contributed to the fall of Aksum?
a. the conflict between the various Bantu-speaking peoples
b. the conflict between the Christian Aksumites and Islamic invaders
c. the conflict between the Kushites and Egyptians
d. the conflict between the Roman Empire and the Persian Empire
____ 66. From which region did the Bantu-speaking peoples migrate south?
a. the region near the Red Sea
b. the region near the Mediterranean Sea
c. the region near the southern border of the Sahara
d. the region near the southern border of the Kalahari Desert
____ 67. What was unusual about the West African Iron Age?
a. West Africa did not go through a Copper or Bronze Age.
b. There is no physical evidence of an Iron Age.
c. They did not have the technology or skills to smelt iron.
d. West Africans had to learn iron smelting from Arab traders.
____ 68. What was the major reason that the city of the Adulis attracted foreigners?
a. It had a diverse culture.
b. It was a center of trade.
c. Christianity was practiced there.
d. Many languages were spoken there.
____ 69. Which of the following roles is similar to the role of the griot in West African society?
a. scientist
b. musician
c. historian
d. military leader
____ 70. What is one result of the migrations of the Bantu-speaking peoples?
a. There are 60 million African people who speak one of the Bantu languages.
b. Every part of Africa has been influenced by the Bantu-speaking peoples.
c. The continent of Africa has been completely urbanized.
d. Territorial wars broke out, and civilizations were taken over.
____ 71. Which of the following cities is likely to have the highest yearly precipitation?
a. Lagos
b. Tripoli
c. Addis Ababa
d. Dakar
____ 72. Which of the following cities tends to be both warmer and wetter than the other three?
a. Addis Ababa
b. Mbandaka
c. Cape Town
d. Dar es Salaam
____ 73. What city has an average temperature over 90° F in July and receives the least amount of rain each year?
a. In Salah
b. Mbandaka
c. Cape Town
d. Cairo
____ 74. Where do the areas that generally tend to be both the hottest and the driest lie?
a. along the Equator
b. along the Tropic of Cancer
c. along the southern coast
d. along the Tropic of Capricorn
____ 75. Which of the following cities lies in a region most suitable for agriculture?
a. In Salah
b. Cairo
c. Cape Town
d. Dar es Salaam
____ 76. How might political persecution have caused people to migrate?
a. If there is a famine, people will relocate to find food.
b. If there is repression, people will relocate to find a place where they are accepted.
c. If there is a depletion of natural resources, people will move to find more resources.
d. If there are no jobs, people will move to find jobs.
____ 77. Why has environmental change been important to history?
a. It has led to the development of empires.
b. It has been a cause of war.
c. It has increased populations.
d. It has led to a blending of cultures.
____ 78. How might environmental change and economic pressure be related?
a. Both may be related to famine.
b. Both may be related to repression.
c. Both may be related to blending of cultures.
d. They are not related to each other.
____ 79. Which cause of migration have modern nations tried to outlaw?
a. communication networks
b. political and religious persecution
c. spreading of ideas and religions
d. transportation networks
____ 80. Which of the following has caused the dislocation and oppression of people?
a. technological development
b. increasing population
c. political persecution
d. environmental change
____ 81. Where have archaeologists obtained most of their information about the Olmecs?
a. from its pottery and cave drawings
b. from its pyramids, sculptures, and religious temples
c. from its irrigation systems
d. from its written records and calendar
____ 82. Which civilizations created the ancient irrigation ditches in the Andes?
a. Nazca and Chavín
b. Nazca and Moche
c. Chavín and Moche
d. all three
____ 83. Which city became a hallmark of Mesoamerican civilizations, and why?
a. Monte Albán; because it combined ceremonial grandeur with residential living space
b. La Venta; because it was a center of trade, commerce, and religion
c. Chavín de Huántar; because of its pyramids, plazas, and earthen mounds
d. Tehuacan Valley; because crops flourished and the techniques of agriculture were learned there
____ 84. What was teh Great Pyramid of La Venta?
a. a palace and residence
b. a fortress
c. a tomb and religious center
d. All of the above are true.
____ 85. Why was the Chavín civilization important in Peru?
a. It established patterns that became the basis for later civilizations.
b. It acted as the "mother culture" of the Mesoamerican civilizations.
c. It created a calendar system based on the movement of the sun.
d. It was a powerful empire that overtook neighboring civilizations.
____ 86. What role did art play for the ancient peoples of the Americas?
a. Art was used for beauty only and didn't play much of a role.
b. Art played an important role only in religion because it honored the gods.
c. Art played a minor role because the civilizations were busy trying to survive.
d. Art played a large role because it was used in religion and traded for wealth.
____ 87. When did the early Americans develop complex civilizations and why?
a. When they found fertile land, they settled in one spot.
b. When they had surplus food, the population grew and learned on new skills.
c. When they had enough laborers, they could build houses and schools.
d. When they found precious metals, they grew rich and began trading.
____ 88. Where did the first complex societies in the Americas begin?
a. the area that stretches south from central Mexico to northern Honduras
b. the Andes Mountains that stretch down the western edge of South America
c. in the northern Andes region, in what is now Peru
d. south of what is present-day Mexico City in the Tehuacan Valley
____ 89. What is a "mother culture," and what was an example of one?
a. a civilization that trades and builds a city; the Zapotec
b. a civilization that influences neighbors and later civilizations; the Olmec
c. a civilization that is focused on religion and not on commerce; the Chavín
d. a civilization that conquers and rules other civilizations; the Moche
____ 90. What was the importance of trade to ancient American civilizations?
a. The development of trade allowed societies to become more complex.
b. The development of trade allowed populations to grow.
c. Trade allowed urban centers and better residences to develop.
d. Trade boosted economies and allowed an exchange of traditions and ideas.
____ 91. What was the average length of time the South American civilizations lasted?
a. 800 years
b. 700 years
c. 600 years
d. 500 years
____ 92. What general conclusion can you draw from this chart?
a. Civilization developed earlier in the Americas than in Europe.
b. Civilization developed earlier in Africa than in the Americas.
c. Civilization developed about the same time in all parts of the world.
d. Civilizations in the Americas didn't last as long as in other places.
____ 93. About how much longer did the Zapotec last than the other Mexican civilization(s)?
a. 1,000 years
b. 900 years
c. 800 years
d. 700 years
____ 94. Which African civilizations existed at the same time as the Zapotec civilization?
a. the Kushite and the Aksum
b. the Kushite and the Chavín
c. the Kushite, the Nok, and the Aksum
d. the Kushite, the Chavín, and the Nok
____ 95. What conclusions can you draw about links between civilizations?
a. Rome and Greece definitely had no contact.
b. Zapotec and Olmec definitely had no contact.
c. Kushite and Aksum definitely had no contact.
d. Chavín and Moche definitely had no contact.
____ 96. What is the relationship of push-pull factors to causes of migration?
a. They are how language is traced.
b. They only occur in desparate situations.
c. They act as reasons for migration.
d. They are reasons governments use to drive out populations.
____ 97. Which of the following events is an example of migration?
a. the movement of Aksum south
b. the spread of Christianity
c. the development of written languages
d. the movement of trade goods
____ 98. What was the most likely cause of the beginnings of the Bantu migrations?
a. the development of agriculture
b. an ethnic conflict
c. a sudden change in climate
d. the development of trade
____ 99. What was the effect of the migration of the Bantu-speaking peoples?
a. a clan that continues to move throughout Africa
b. a diversity of cultures and a widespread family of languages in Africa
c. civil wars and the isolation of many peoples
d. all of the above
____ 100. The Aksum civilization probably began as a blend of what two cultures?
a. the Arab peoples and the Nok
b. the Greeks and the Nok
c. the Kushites and the Syrians
d. the Arab peoples and the Kushites
____ 101. In Africa, as elsewhere, what led to specialization and permanent villages?
a. the development of agriculture
b. the invention of the wheel
c. the ability to make iron tools
d. the belief in one god
____ 102. What was the basis for the power of Adulis?
a. its location in relation to trade routes
b. its fertile farming regions
c. its proximity to the Mediterranean Sea
d. its location near the paths of the Bantu migrations
____ 103. When did the kingdom of Aksum decline and fall?
a. when it became isolated from other Christian states
b. when it became unable to maintain its trade
c. when it depleted its environment
d. all of the above
____ 104. How does the pattern of where languages are spoken help experts trace the movement of people through history?
a. Languages never change, so you know migration by the local language.
b. If two languages have similar words, it is likely the people who spoke them were in close contact.
c. Languages can tell experts what type of jobs its people had and whether those jobs would force people to move.
d. If a language has words for technology, it means that group migrated.
____ 105. What lasting legacies did the Aksum kingdom leave?
a. a written alphabet, a numeric system, and stone architecture
b. a numeric system, Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, and democracy
c. terrace farming, a written alphabet, and the calendar
d. Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, stone architecture, and terrace farming
____ 106. What cause of migration was the Bantu-speaking peoples' migration most likely an example of?
a. environmental change
b. repression
c. technological development
d. political persecution
____ 107. What effect is associated with both environmental change and economic pressure?
a. shifts in population
b. climate changes
c. slave wars
d. spread of ideas
____ 108. How does slave trade differ from all the other causes of migration on the chart?
a. The people are moving because they want to find new jobs.
b. The people are moving to develop a new civilization.
c. The people being moved have absolutely no choice in their migration.
d. The people are not actually moving but being sold to other people living in the same region.
____ 109. How might persecution be a cause of migration?
a. If people are repressed and cannot find work, they will move because of economic pressure.
b. If people cannot communicate, they will move because of technology to develop a new civilization.
c. If people cannot practice their religion or culture, they will move to find a place where they have freedom.
d. If people cannot be free, they will move because of economic pressure and develop a new empire.
____ 110. How might economic pressure cause people to migrate?
a. If there is an earthquake, people's homes may have been destroyed, so they will move.
b. If people are being repressed, they will move to a place where they can be free.
c. If there is a war, people will move to avoid the fighting.
d. If there aren't any jobs available, people will relocate to find jobs.
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