US History Ch6&7 Sample Test

US History Ch 6 and 7 Sample Test

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. One of Washington’s most important precedents was the

a.	selection of a Vice President.	c.	signing of the Judiciary Act.
b.	formation of a Cabinet.	d.	ending of the Supreme Court.

____ 2. Why did southern farmers oppose Hamilton’s plans for the economy?

a.	They favored the charter of a Bank of the United States.
b.	They wanted the Federal government to assume state debt.
c.	They did not favor supporting the economy with agriculture.
d.	They did not want to pay taxes to help the northern states.

____ 3. The political debates over the Whiskey Rebellion led to

a.	an increase in federal and excise taxes.
b.	an agreement to relocate the national capital.
c.	the emergence of a two-party political system.
d.	the disappearance of Democratic Societies.

____ 4. Which event turned the tide of the conflict in the Ohio Valley?

a.	General Anthony Wayne’s victory at the Battle of Fallen Timbers
b.	Washington’s defeat of a large Native American force in 1790
c.	Britain’s decision to supply arms to the Native Americans
d.	John Jay’s compromise with the British Navy in 1794

____ 5. The XYZ Affair

a.	led Congress to decrease the size of the army.
b.	roused public sentiment against France.
c.	prompted the lowering of taxes on stamps and land.
d.	occurred when Adams offended French negotiators.

____ 6. The Judiciary Act of 1789

a.	recognized George Washington as the first President.
b.	established the office of the Secretary of State.
c.	created a system of thirteen federal district courts.
d.	appointed the first chief justice of the United States.

____ 7. Whom did Washington choose to lead the State Department?

a.	Henry Knox	c.	Edmund Randolph
b.	John Adams	d.	Thomas Jefferson

____ 8. Which of the following was a part of Alexander Hamilton’s plan for restructuring the nation’s debt?

a.	using cash reserves to pay down state and national debts
b.	reducing tariffs on imported goods to lower prices for consumers
c.	developing a strong commercial and industrial economy
d.	banning taxes on goods such as coffee, tea, and alcoholic spirits

____ 9. The Whiskey Rebellion

a.	caused the formation of the Democratic Societies.
b.	led to the development of two distinct political groups.
c.	started a disagreement among supporters of the Federalists.
d.	unified northern merchants and southern farmers.

Directions: Use the quotation to answer the question below.

“This [party] spirit . . . agitates the community with ill-founded jealousies and false alarms, kindles the animosity [dislike] of one part against another, foments [stirs up] occasionally riot and insurrection.”

--George Washington, Farewell Address

____ 10. Which of the following is an example of the animosity between political parties of which Washington speaks?

a.	the Native American defeat in the Ohio Valley
b.	the republican uprising among the French
c.	the public sentiment against the XYZ Affair
d.	the passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts

____ 11. Which of the following was one of the policy changes Thomas Jefferson made when he became President?

a.	He urged Congress to support the Alien and Sedition Acts.
b.	He wanted to build up the nation’s army and navy.
c.	He planned to retire the national debt by paying it down.
d.	He used expensive displays to inspire the public’s respect.

____ 12. Chief Justice John Marshall

a.	appointed Secretary of State James Madison.
b.	nominated William Marbury as a federal judge.
c.	believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution.
d.	insisted that federal laws were superior to state laws.

____ 13. Jefferson made the Louisiana Purchase because

a.	he thought that by doing so he could avoid war with France.
b.	he thought it would be easier than trying to conquer the territory.
c.	he wanted access to the Caribbean colony of Saint Domingue.
d.	he wanted to help the French win the war against Britain.

____ 14. Why was the War of 1812 significant to the United States?

a.	It showed that the nation seemed certain to endure.
b.	It represented a clear victory over the British forces.
c.	It allowed the Federalists to regain political power.
d.	It launched a new wave of Indian resistance.

____ 15. The British hoped to limit American settlement in the Northwest Territory by

a.	moving their forts across the Great Lakes.
b.	sending troops to attack American settlements.
c.	providing arms and ammunition to Native Americans.
d.	sending General Arthur St. Clair to patrol the area.

____ 16. Which of the following is an accurate description of the French Revolution?

a.	the republican uprising against the French monarchy and aristocrats
b.	the refusal of the United States to give in to France’s trade demands
c.	the beginning of France’s war with Spain over the Florida territory
d.	the decision of France to join the Native Americans’ resistance

____ 17. Why did the United States sign a treaty with Spain?

a.	to guarantee free shipping rights on the Mississippi River
b.	to assure Spain’s repayment of war debts to the United States
c.	to prevent Britain from shipping goods from New Orleans
d.	to stop Spain from giving up its forts on American soil

____ 18. One effect of the Alien and Sedition Acts was to

a.	limit the power of the Democratic Republican Party.
b.	prevent juries from acquitting innocent immigrants.
c.	provoke a crisis that briefly united the nation against France.
d.	uphold the tradition of presuming a person innocent until proved guilty.

____ 19. When Jefferson took office, he

a.	encouraged Congress to renew the Alien and Sedition Acts.
b.	reduced the national debt by cutting government spending.
c.	raised taxes on stamps, land, and alcoholic spirits.
d.	expanded the nation’s army, navy, and bureaucracy.

____ 20. What was one of John Marshall’s important accomplishments as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?

a.	establishing the power of judicial review
b.	appointing William Marbury a justice
c.	ruling state laws to be superior to federal laws
d.	allowing federal regulation of interstate commerce

____ 21. Which of the following was a result of the Louisiana Purchase?

a.	Jefferson allied with the British against France.
b.	Spanish forces gained control of New Orleans.
c.	The size of the United States nearly doubled.
d.	France regained control of the West Indies.

____ 22. The embargo Jefferson declared against Britain in 1807

a.	disrupted the British economy and closed British factories.
b.	caused a substantial increase in profits for American merchants.
c.	allowed American farmers to export goods to foreign markets.
d.	angered American voters and led to increased Federalist support.

____ 23. A group of young politicians called the War Hawks wanted to restore national honor by

a.	letting Native Americans keep their land.
b.	leading an invasion of British-held Canada.
c.	capturing Florida Territory from the Spanish.
d.	building a professional army and navy.

____ 24. What was one result of the American invasion of Canada?

a.	The state militias gained reputations for courage.
b.	Detroit was surrendered to the British army.
c.	Successful invasions bolstered American pride.
d.	British troops surrendered to the American forces.

____ 25. During their invasion of the United States, British forces

a.	captured and burned Washington, D.C.	c.	blundered in their attack on Maine.
b.	won an important victory at Baltimore.	d.	defended their occupation of Detroit.

____ 26. What happened to the Federalist Party after the War of 1812?

a.	They became popular with western farmers.
b.	They joined with New England in seceding.
c.	They were mocked as defeatists and traitors.
d.	They played a lesser role in American politics.

____ 27. Why did railroads have a greater impact on American society than did canals and steamboats?

a.	The government funded railroad construction.
b.	People enjoyed riding on trains more than on steamboats.
c.	Railroads cost less to build and trains provided faster transport.
d.	Canals and steamboats did not connect farmers to cities.

____ 28. The Industrial Revolution changed the way people worked by

a.	increasing wages for unskilled labor.
b.	decreasing the pace of work.
c.	combining many small tasks into one job.
d.	having them use machines to do jobs previously done by hand.

____ 29. How did geography spur industrialization in the Northeast?

a.	Good soil made it easier to grow raw materials.
b.	Swift rivers provided power for machines.
c.	Flat land facilitated factory construction.
d.	The mild climate attracted many workers.

____ 30. Why did northern industrialists favor protective tariffs?

a.	Tariffs raised the cost of European goods so that more people would buy American goods.
b.	Labor unions demanded tariffs because they raised factory workers’ wages.
c.	Investors used money from tariffs to reduce production costs.
d.	Higher prices meant that companies earned higher profits.

____ 31. The cotton gin changed agriculture in the South by

a.	simplifying the planting process.	c.	combining cotton and wheat farms.
b.	making cotton the dominant crop.	d.	encouraging textile factory construction.

____ 32. The ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland was significant because the Supreme Court

a.	declared its right to review the constitutionality of laws.
b.	restricted the federal government’s right to regulate interstate commerce.
c.	established the supremacy of state laws over federal laws.
d.	used a broad interpretation of the Constitution to expand federal power.

____ 33. Which of the following drew a line north of which any new states would be free states and south of which any new states would be slave states?

a.	Missouri Compromise	c.	American System
b.	Marbury v. Madison	d.	Monroe Doctrine

____ 34. What was one effect of the Erie Canal?

a.	New York City became the nation’s greatest commercial center.
b.	Buffalo became the East Coast’s travel hub.
c.	The time it took to cross the Atlantic dropped by more than a week.
d.	Farmland in New England increased in value.

____ 35. Which of the following was the most far-reaching development in the transportation revolution of the early 1800s?

a.	road construction	c.	the arrival of railroads
b.	canal building	d.	the invention of the steamboat

____ 36. Which American industry first used machines to do work previously done by hand?

a.	guns	c.	cotton farming
b.	textiles	d.	shoemaking

____ 37. Machines changed workers’ lives by

a.	decreasing the pace of work.
b.	increasing the number of workers needed.
c.	requiring more expertise and skill.
d.	dividing labor into many small tasks.

Directions: Use the following political cartoon to answer the question below.

____ 38. The cartoonist implies that Andrew Jackson

a.	demonstrated leadership by opposing nullification.
b.	brought great wealth to the nation by forcibly relocating Native Americans.
c.	was corrupt and foolish for rewarding party loyalty with government jobs.
d.	abused his power by vetoing the national bank charter.

____ 39. How did nullification relate to tariffs in the early 1800s?

a.	Northern states wanted to nullify tariffs.
b.	Southern states wanted to nullify tariffs.
c.	Northerners supported both tariffs and nullification.
d.	Southerners supported both tariffs and nullification.

____ 40. Jacksonian Democrats _____ the national bank because they thought it _____.

a.	opposed; favored a wealthy few
b.	opposed; undermined the economy
c.	supported; stabilized the currency
d.	supported; strengthened the federal government

____ 41. Industrialization in the North caused

a.	factory workers to move to suburbs.	c.	skilled artisans to earn higher wages.
b.	a middle class to emerge.	d.	labor unions to disband.

____ 42. In the mid-1800s, immigrants

a.	primarily came from Ireland and Germany.
b.	tended to be Protestant.
c.	moved to new cities in the South.
d.	distrusted existing Catholic institutions.

____ 43. As agriculture became entrenched in the South,

a.	planters built plantation schools to educate enslaved workers.
b.	the South became too dependent on one crop, limiting development.
c.	southern whites began to doubt the benefits of slavery.
d.	entrepreneurs built new factories to meet rising consumer demand.

____ 44. Supporters insisted that a national bank would

a.	reduce uncertainty about the value of money.
b.	enable state and private banks to print their own money.
c.	counter the negative effects of tariffs.
d.	reduce the economy’s reliance on gold.

____ 45. Which of the following showed the impact of nationalism on foreign policy?

a.	Missouri Compromise	c.	Marbury v. Madison
b.	American System	d.	Adams-Onís Treaty

____ 46. The crisis over the Missouri Compromise exposed the

a.	nation’s weak foreign policy.
b.	growing sectionalism over the issue of slavery.
c.	dangers of excessive nationalism.
d.	trade imbalances that result from protective tariffs.

____ 47. The presidential election of 1824

a.	resulted in a four-way tie.
b.	ended in a compromise.
c.	was decided by the House of Representatives.
d.	led to a recount of votes.

____ 48. In the early 1800s, new state constitutions expanded the electorate by giving the vote to

a.	new immigrants.	c.	free African American men.
b.	white women.	d.	white men without property.

____ 49. During the campaign of 1828, the Democratic Party changed by

a.	crafting more nationalist policies.
b.	veering away from Jeffersonian principles.
c.	developing a system of local and state committees.
d.	denouncing the spoils system.

____ 50. Why did the United States government remove Native Americans from the Southeast in the 1830s?

a.	Indian Territory offered more fertile land.
b.	White Southerners wanted the Native Americans’ valuable land.
c.	Native Americans refused to adapt to white American culture.
d.	The Supreme Court ruled that the Native Americans had violated treaty obligations.

____ 51. Which of the following tended to favor tariffs?

a.	southern planters	c.	western farmers
b.	northern industrialists	d.	enslaved workers around the nation

____ 52. In 1833, South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union if

a.	Congress raised tariffs.
b.	the federal government used force against South Carolina.
c.	John C. Calhoun resigned his vice presidency.
d.	the Supreme Court rejected the principle of nullification.

____ 53. Which of the following championed nationalism and denounced nullification?

a.	John C. Calhoun	c.	Andrew Jackson
b.	Henry Clay	d.	Daniel Webster

____ 54. Jacksonian Democrats opposed the second Bank of the United States because they believed that it

a.	favored a small number of rich investors.	c.	promoted a stable system of currency.
b.	gave too much power to the states.	d.	harmed industry and industrial workers.

____ 55. The Whig Party formed in response to

a.	the Tariff of Abominations.
b.	the election of Andrew Jackson.
c.	Andrew Jackson’s veto of the bill renewing the national bank.
d.	the nullification crisis and South Carolina’s secession threat.

____ 56. Which of the following was an immediate cause of the Panic of 1837?

a.	Congress lowered protective tariffs.
b.	The first Bank of the United States closed.
c.	President Jackson allocated too much money to the American System.
d.	The federal government stopped accepting paper money for the purchase of land.

____ 57. Which of the following helped the North industrialize?

a.	more workers	c.	less capital
b.	better farmland	d.	fewer rivers

Matching

Match the correct term or person with its definition. You will not use all of the terms and people.

a.	precedent	h.	John Marshall
b.	strict construction	i.	Louisiana Purchase
c.	Democratic Republican	j.	impressment
d.	John Jay	k.	War Hawks
e.	Alien Act	l.	Andrew Jackson
f.	Virginia and Kentucky resolutions	m.	Treaty of Ghent
g.	bureaucracy

____ 58. authorized the arrest and deportation of immigrants who criticized the federal government

____ 59. early political party led by Thomas Jefferson

____ 60. agreement that ended the War of 1812

____ 61. captured Creek Indian lands in Alabama and the Spanish fort at Pensacola in Florida

____ 62. claimed the power of judicial review for Supreme Court

____ 63. an act or statement that becomes a tradition to be followed

____ 64. the departments and workers that make up the government

____ 65. negotiated a peace treaty to avoid costly war with Britain

____ 66. limiting the federal government to powers explicitly granted by the Constitution

____ 67. taking sailors from their ships and forcing them into duty

Match the correct term or person with its definition. You will not use all of the terms and people.

a.	Monroe Doctrine	h.	John Quincy Adams
b.	Erie Canal	i.	Trail of Tears
c.	Samuel F.B. Morse	j.	Andrew Jackson
d.	capital	k.	John C. Calhoun
e.	nativists	l.	Whigs
f.	nationalism	m.	nullification
g.	Henry Clay

____ 68. glorification and promotion of the nation

____ 69. Democratic President who vetoed the charter for the second national bank

____ 70. inventor of the electric telegraph

____ 71. South Carolina statesman who championed nullification

____ 72. money needed to build factories or other productive outlets

____ 73. policy warning European monarchies not to meddle in the affairs of countries in the Western Hemisphere

____ 74. politicians who worked for laws to discourage immigration

____ 75. members of a new nationalist political party who wanted a strong federal government

____ 76. the forced journey of the Cherokee from the Southeast to present-day Oklahoma